Verbal作为非谓语动词，是动词的变形。初学者往往不熟悉非谓语动词三种变形的使用。
1. infinitive动词不定式
以 to + verb的形式出现，可以作为名词充当主语或者宾语。
Jordan likes to fight. Phil likes to spend.
To play AFL grand final is John’s dream.
2. gerund动名词
以verb in present continuous tense (现在进行式)的形式出现，比如verb+ing. 动名词以名词的方式使用, 可以充当主语和宾语。
Swimming is too easy to him.
The importance of staying in competition draws his attentions.
3. 分词participle
分词以现在进行式或者过去式的时态出现在名词周围，往往是充当形容词。这个时候，他们周围没有助动词(auxiliary verb)。助动词比如，had been, was, is, will be.
过去分词
His birthday gift is a broken car.
I like smashed avocado
现在分词
The kettle filled with boiling water is really hot.
Alice saw a dancing rabbit passed her.
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