文章写得好，不用解释。采购／供应链专业人士收藏。出处：https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/p ... bouzeid-cscp-cips-/
Written by: Eman Abouzeid, CSCP, CIPS
Terms such as buying, purchasing and procurement are often used interchangeably. However, CIPS distinguishes between “Purchasing & Procurement” as follows:
Purchasing: is defined as “the functions associated with buying the goods and services required by an organisation”. Purchasing is just one aspect of the wider procurement function, and includes activities such as ordering, expediting, receipt of goods into stock, and payment to suppliers.
Procurement: is defined as “the activities associated with acquiring products or services”. Procurement is a wider term than purchasing; it is usually taken to embrace activities prior to the establishment of a purchase contract. For example, it includes:
- Identification of a need.
- Sourcing (i.e. identifying and evaluating potential suppliers).
- Post-contract activities (contract management & management of supplier relationships).
On this analysis, the basic processes of purchasing and procurement are summarised as follows:
Purchasing process includes:
- Receiving purchase requisition (PR) from user department.
- Obtaining quotations from suppliers and evaluating them.
– Placing the official purchase order (PO).
– Receiving products/materials into stock.
- Effecting payment to suppliers.
Procurement process includes:
- Supply market monitoring.
– Identifying potential suppliers.
– Preparing approved supplier list.
– Identifying the right needs of internal user departments.
– Converting needs into clear specifications that can be understood by suppliers.
– Obtaining and evaluating quotations.
– Selecting the right suppliers.
– Efficient negotiations.
– Contract development.
– Contract management.
– Payment.
– Supplier relationship management.
Based on the above-mentioned:
Procurement is an umbrella/wider term covers purchasing.
Procurement is a broader process than purchasing, because it includes few activities prior to the actual purchasing (i.e. identification of right needs, preparing clear specifications, surveying the market) & few activities after the actual purchasing (i.e. supplier relationship management, contract management).
Purchasing is more “Reactive” to the internal needs. Meanwhile, procurement has a “Proactive” approach, because it works with user department in identifying the right needs. In addition, procurement contributes to the product design using its market knowledge.
Purchasing is more “Transactional” – focuses only on the purchasing transactions rather than supplier relationships.
Procurement is more “Relational” – focuses on establishing and maintaining fruitful and constructive long term relationships with qualified vendors/suppliers.
Purchasing has “Short-Term Goals”- achieving the 5 rights (right quality – right quantity – right price – right place – right time).
Procurement is more “Strategic or has Long-Term Goals” – contributes to achieving the competitive advantage of the organisation and its strategic goals.
In conclusion:
Procurement is a wider term than purchasing and has a broader process than purchasing.
Procurement is more proactive, relational and has a strategic approach than purchasing.
评论
挺好的文章。
好奇这里有做采购的朋友吗？
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我当初学物流的时候，采购专业和我们一起上课，二十门课就三或四门课不一样
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不客气
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请教前辈，我之前没有采购的背景，一直是从事销售性质的工作（国内+澳洲），想转行做采购，请问要去什么机构读个什么课程或证书才能入行？中年女性在澳洲做采购适合吗？谢谢！
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没有背景，在澳洲比较难。即使经过培训，也很难找到敢第一个吃螃蟹的雇主。
如果非要这行不可，CIPS （Chartered Institute of Procurement ＆ Supply）证书可以考一个。有SAP经验的也比较容易。
最好跟这方面的中介沟通一下，他们一般会比较清楚行业需求，如果觉得你有潜质，也会为你量身定做一些面试、招工技巧。祝你好运！
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采购这行其实很多方向，下订单的buyer，订合同的 Category Manager ／Sourcing Specialist, 管理合同的 Contract Administrator， 甚至还有专门跟踪订单的 Expediting Officer 等等各有各的分工，也各有各的要求。
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谢谢，我只求入门，你说的这些方向我都可以接受，就是如你所说的，完全没经验估计考了证也是工作难找。请问你知道哪个职业中介公司比较专注做采购方面的职位？
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Hays
Jigsaw
Michael Page
这些都可以试试
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谢谢！
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没有经验 直接去考证吗？
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这个我理解一般只是招收业内人士，你可以咨询一下。
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